Dementia is not a single disease. It is a syndrome caused by different conditions that affect the brain. Each type may produce a different pattern of memory, behavioural, language, movement, or thinking difficulties. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia. It usually begins with gradual memory loss and later affects language, reasoning, judgment, and everyday functioning. Vascular dementia develops because of reduced blood flow to the brain, often following strokes or damage to small blood vessels. Problems with attention, planning, decision-making, and walking may be prominent. Lewy body dementia may cause fluctuating alertness, visual hallucinations, disturbed sleep, and movement symptoms similar to Parkinson’s disease. Frontotemporal dementia often develops at a younger age than Alzheimer’s disease. Early symptoms may include changes in personality, behaviour, social conduct, judgment, or language, while memory can remain relatively preserved initially. Some people may have features of more than one type, known as mixed dementia. Symptoms and progression vary from person to person. Understanding the different types of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia, can improve awareness and help families recognise changes in memory, behaviour, and daily functioning. Dr. Aditya Patil Consultant Psychiatrist 📍 Mana Sajjana Clinic, Pimple Saudagar, Pune 📞 9975573437